National and regional Temporal trends and forecasting of preterm birth in brazil: evidence from National birth data (2014–2023) with projections to 2030

PTB rates in Brazil have shown a rising trend over the past decade, with marked regional and social inequalities. Forecasts indicate that these disparities may increase by 2030 unless effective, evidence-based, and context-specific interventions are implemented. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted public health policies and prenatal care strategies aimed at reducing preventable PTB and promoting maternal and neonatal equity across the country.