A Scoping Review of LGBTQ+ Focused Community Sport

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other gender and sexual minorities (LGBTQ+)-focused community sport was formed by and for LGBTQ+ people to offer safe opportunities for LGBTQ+ people and allies to participate in sport. A scoping review was conducted to develop a stronger understanding of the influence of LGBTQ+ focused community sport on LGBTQ+ adults. Ultimately, 119 records, which were mostly from the gray literature, were included in this study. Using thematic content analysis, five themes were identified: socialization and community; safety and inclusiveness; identity development; mental and physical health; and advocacy. Overall, findings suggest LGBTQ+ focused community sport provides opportunities for many LGBTQ+ adults to build a sense of community, to explore and celebrate their LGBTQ+ identities, to boost their mental and physical health, and to engage in LGBTQ+ advocacy. However, there also is evidence of racism, transphobia, biphobia, fatphobia, hegemonic masculinity, and substance use. There also is a lack of clarity regarding the prevalence of mental health problems in LGBTQ+ focused community sport. Implications for future research and practice emphasize addressing these problems and leveraging the strengths of this community to improve the health and well-being of LGBTQ+ adults.