Ultrasound-Guided Musculoskeletal Injections of the Lower Extremity

Ultrasound-guided injections are safe and effective methods to achieve intra-articular and/or bursal access. This paper reviews common approaches for targeting the hip, knee, ankle, and subtalar joints, as well as the iliopsoas and greater trochanteric bursae. The discussion highlights the critical periarticular and juxta-bursal anatomy to be aware of to optimize the approach and minimize the risk of complications. Tactics to employ during complex and/or technically challenging cases are shared.