Exploring relational and emotional experiences of the LGBTQ + community through a cognitive analytic therapy lens

Background Cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) offers a relational framework for understanding psychological difficulties, emphasising how early relational and socio‐cultural experiences are internalised and shape the self through a repertoire of reciprocal roles (RRs). Aims This qualitative study seeks to explore the relational experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals using CAT theory, focusing on identity development (self–self relationships), self–other relationships, and self–society relationships. Methods Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) guided interviews with 11 participants. CAT theory was applied as an additional framework to provide a clinically applicable understanding of these themes. Results Six group experiential themes (GETs) were identified: Coming Out : Discovering and Sharing Who I Am ; Is it Wrong to be LGBTQ +? Questions and Beliefs about Being ‘Normal’ ; Different Parts of Me ; Feeling Safe in Relation to Others ; Feeling Unworthy and Unlovable ; and Being Authentically Me . Illustrations of themes were created. A CAT map was developed from the themes, outlining RRs, reciprocal role procedures (RRPs), and self‐states. The findings highlight the influence of early caregiving relationships, the coming out process, and societal experiences on participants' self‐development. Conclusion The CAT map captures the distinct RRs and procedures that the LGBTQ+ community may experience, emphasising the critical role of the self–society relationship in identity formation. It underscores the importance of the ‘healthy island’ concept and illustrates how healing RRPs can promote a more integrated and connected sense of self. This framework may help clinicians support LGBTQ+ individuals facing mental health challenges related to their relational experiences and sense of self.