Molecular analysis reveals M1UK lineage dominance and CovS mutations in pediatric and adult patients, highlighting mechanisms of hypervirulent strains.
We aimed to specify the characteristics of group A Streptococcus M1 (n = 23) or non-M1 (n = 282) isolates from adult (n = 176) and pediatric (n = 129) populations in central Japan, October 2024-April 2025. Of the speA-possessing fourteen non-M1 isolates, there were seven emm3.93 isolates from six non-invasive samples of pediatric patients and one invasive specimen of an adult patient. We found the distribution of M1 clones containing M1global (n = 1)/M113snps (n = 4)/M1UK (n = 18)-lineages in central Japan of Tokyo/Chiba/Tochigi/Saitama/Kanagawa. The M1 clones were from twenty-one non-invasive samples of pediatric/adult patients and two invasive specimens of adult patients. Additionally, we determined the sic nucleotide alleles and observed the M1global/M113snps/M1UK sic clustering. Of the CovS amino acid (AA) mutations among M1, there was an insertion of transposase (ISAs1-like IS1548 transposase, 377 AA) into CovS histidine kinase-like ATPase domain (following AA position 458) of one invasive M1UK isolate. Our observations suggest that CovS AA mutations of invasive isolates with M1UK should be specified within its four functional domains to evaluate their hypervirulent properties.
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Tsuyuki et al. (2025) studied this question.
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