Introduction of Heart Failure: An Increasing Public Health Concern

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by a range of diseases and has multiple comorbidities. As the final stage of many cardiovascular diseases, HF has become a significant global public health issue, marked by high prevalence, mortality, and healthcare costs. HF prevalence is increasing globally due to aging populations and rising cardiometabolic risks. Despite extensive research in Western countries, there is still limited data on HF epidemiology in Asia and Africa, with notable regional differences observed. The present review summarizes the current understanding of HF, including updated definitions, epidemiology, outcomes, and management strategies in China and globally. The goal of the present review is to provide insights that may help to improve prevention and treatment for patients with HF.