Vaccine Beliefs and Intentions Among Vietnamese Americans

Vietnamese Americans experience high rates of infectious disease-related cancers, specifically cervical cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and liver cancer linked to Hepatitis B (Hep B). Vaccination is critical for cancer prevention, but HPV and Hep B vaccine uptake remains suboptimal among this group. This qualitative study examined factors influencing Vietnamese American young adults’ decisions to receive elective vaccines, including HPV, Hep B, flu, and COVID-19. Twenty-one participants, aged 18 to 26, were recruited through social media platforms and participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed high levels of vaccine acceptance, with common themes including family influence, cultural values, and concerns about side effects. While COVID-19 and flu vaccines were generally accepted due to work or school requirements, family protection, and trust in health care providers, HPV and Hep B vaccines had more hesitancy, particularly due to misconceptions around reproductive health and lack of awareness. Results highlight the cultural importance of familial responsibility, particularly the concept of filial piety, in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The study suggests future cancer vaccine interventions should integrate cultural and familial dynamics to position HPV and Hep B vaccines as essential cancer prevention tools. Engaging families, health care providers, and community networks in vaccine promotion efforts may help improve coverage rates and reduce cancer disparities in the Vietnamese American population.