Determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnant Women's Health Promotion Behaviors Based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation‐Behavior Model

Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) face significant challenges in adopting health‐promoting behaviors, yet the factors influencing these behaviors remain poorly understood. This study examined how e‐health literacy and social support affect health‐promoting behaviors in women with GDM, with particular attention to the mediating role of health locus of control. We conducted a cross‐sectional survey of 550 pregnant women with GDM recruited from two tertiary hospitals. Participants completed validated measures assessing e‐health literacy, social support, health locus of control, and health‐promoting behaviors. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Both e‐health literacy and social support significantly influenced health‐promoting behaviors through both direct and indirect pathways. Health locus of control served as an important mediator in these relationships. These findings suggest that interventions combining e‐health literacy training, social support enhancement, and strategies to strengthen internal health locus of control may effectively promote healthy behaviors in women with GDM.