What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to assess the predictive strength of drowning signs in forensic cases of water-related fatalities.

Water-related fatalities in Salzburg and Upper Austria between 2015 and 2022 – a retrospective evaluation with a focus on the informative value of drowning signs

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Retrospective evaluation reveals drowning signs impact forensic diagnosis in water-related fatalities, highlighting alcohol and drug influences.

This research aims to assess the predictive strength of drowning signs in forensic cases of water-related fatalities.
Retrospective analysis of 158 water-related fatalities in Upper Austria and Salzburg from 2015 to 2022
Evaluation of the influences on drowning sign manifestation based on geographic and demographic data
Assessment of body condition and other case-related factors
Confirmed the variability in drowning signs due to factors like age, sex, and recovery site
Identified significant differences in incidence rates between various accident locations and types of water bodies
Demonstrated that predictive power of drowning signs diminishes with increased decomposition.

Hagen et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Retrospective evaluation reveals drowning signs impact forensic diagnosis in water-related fatalities, highlighting alcohol and drug influences.