The macroflora of the Early Miocene, especially the younger levels of the Early Miocene (Ottnangian-Carpathian), is the most numerous in the territory of Serbia. All sediments with plant remains are of lacustrine origin. The main characteristics of these plant communities are their existence under conditions of a warm and humid subtropical climate. Elements of broadleaf evergreen vegetation dominate, with Lauraceae being the most represented, especially Daphnogene, as well as a relatively high presence of arctotertiary elements. Evergreen oaks are relatively rare, as are marsh Taxodiaceae. Some sediments with palaeofloras also contain remains of freshwater fauna, most commonly Congeria, while in others they are completely absent. The palaeoflora of the Early Miocene in Serbia includes the “Bela Stena” of the Valjevo-Mionica basin, Žagubica, Popovac, Slanci, Rakova Bara, Kaludra, and Melnica.
Lazarević et al. (Sat,) studied this question.