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This research examines entropy production fluctuations for a charged Brownian particle in external fields.

December 22, 2025Open Access

Entropy-production fluctuation theorem for a generalized Langevin particle in crossed electric and magnetic fields

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Analytical proof of detailed fluctuation theorem in a charged Brownian particle under electric and magnetic fields, highlighting memory effects.

This research examines entropy production fluctuations for a charged Brownian particle in external fields.
Analyzed a generalized Langevin equation to model non-Markovian dynamics with memory and noise.
Used exact solutions to derive time-dependent Gaussian probability densities.
Computed trajectory-dependent total entropy production for solvable driving protocols.
Proved that total entropy production obeys a detailed fluctuation theorem under certain conditions.
Demonstrated how memory impacts the entropy production and its fluctuations.

González-Morales et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Analytical proof of detailed fluctuation theorem in a charged Brownian particle under electric and magnetic fields, highlighting memory effects.