Research Background: Bronchial cysts are congenital disorders resulting from abnormal embryonic development of the trachea and bronchi, leading to ectopic formation. Clinical symptoms are often subtle, but as the cysts enlarge, they may compress adjacent tissues and organs, causing symptoms. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment method. Objective: To summarize the clinical features, imaging manifestations and surgical treatment experience of posterior mediastinal bronchial cyst. Methods: By summarizing and analyzing the case data and reviewing the literature, we summarize one case of infected bronchial cyst of the posterior mediastinum treated by thoracoscopy in our department. Results: Infected thick-walled bronchial cysts, due to prolonged inflammatory stimulation, exhibit tight adhesions between the cyst wall and surrounding tissues such as the esophagus and bronchi. Complete surgical resection is challenging, and dissection may cause esophageal rupture. Segmented resection offers a safe and feasible approach. Conclusion: Posterior mediastinal bronchial cyst is a relatively common benign disease, but infected thick-walled cystic lesions are relatively rare, and surgical resection needs to pay attention to the anatomical relationship of the cyst wall with the esophagus and pericardium.
Yao et al. (Tue,) studied this question.