Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Ajuga bracteosa, Bergenia ciliate, and Amaranthus viridis from District Lower Dir Village Maidan Banda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

In the present research work, both qualitative and quantative phytochemical investigation of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Ajuga bracteosa, Bergenia ciliate, and Amaranthus viridis and antibacterial activity was carried out. The study was carried out due to their traditional uses because these plants are commonly used for the aliment of saverales disease. For the sub culturing the bacterial isolates Nutrient broth and Nutrient agar were used. For the sensitivity screening Mueller Hinton agar media was used. The antimicrobial assessments of both the ethanol and methanol extracts showed considerable inhibition activities on the selected isolated bacteria with the concentration of 20mg/ ml. Ajuga bracteosa exhibited more beneficial antibacterial activity in methanol extract of the leaves (30-37mm) in diameter. The leaves ethanol extract showed bacterial inhibition between (30-38mm) in diameter. But, Bergenia ciliate, and Amaranthus viridis leaves extracts as well revealed higher antibacterial activity than the stem bark and extracts of roots. In all the plants parts, Saponins and alkaloids were present. In the leaves extracts of Bergenia ciliate, highest amount of saponins constituent (5.10±0.11%) was recorded. In leaves extract alkaloids was present in highest amount 2.98±0.12 %. The values of MIC ranged between 1.25 10 mg/ml. From the present study we have conclude that the selected plants have high amount of phytochemicals due to which these can be used for further study to isolate the compounds for form the their pharmacological activates.