ABSTRACT Silver and its compounds have been focused on broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity and multiple mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, the use of silver alone has limited effectiveness and unanticipated cytotoxicity at high doses. In this study, new type of cytosine compounds (Chol‐dC and SA‐Chol‐dC) were synthesized, from which the base cytosine formed silver mediated base pairs. The combination of two dC derivatives with silver nitrate, could improve the silver ions’ inhibition rate against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) at certain concentration. In the investigating of antibacterial mechanism, the combination of Chol‐dC could enhance the effect that silver ions induced cytoplasmic membrane damage, which was found both by TEM image and PI staining assay; the enhance effect on DNA condensation was also observed by TEM image. Additionally, the involvement of Chol‐dC increased the ROS levels by 2–3.8 times compared with those of the silver ions group. Overall, the combination of Chol‐dC with silver nitrate could improve the antibacterial efficiency of silver ions by enhancing the effects generated through disruption of cytoplasmic membrane integrity, induction of DNA aggregation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This study offers new insights for the future development of efficient silver based antimicrobial materials.
Tang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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