Essential Considerations for Diagnosing Primary Progressive Aphasia

Language impairments vary widely and are often linked to brain dysfunction. While classic aphasia usually occurs after brain injury, other conditions, such as primary progressive aphasia (PPA), occur due to neurodegeneration of the brain. This study emphasizes the significance of a comprehensive evaluation which includes correlation of clinical features, radiological findings, and use of advanced diagnostic criteria for accurate diagnosis and appropriate intervention. A 75-year-old woman with speech and language deficits had undergone aphasia rehabilitation therapy; however, no significant progress was reported. Despite her nonfluent characteristics, formal assessments did not identify her condition as classic aphasia. Neuroimaging revealed hypometabolism and diffuse cerebral atrophy in frontal and peri-sylvian regions. Based on Mesulam’s criteria, she was diagnosed with the Logopenic variant of PPA. This case highlights the key considerations for the timely use of advanced criteria during comprehensive assessment for diagnosis of PPA which is vital for realistic counselling and effective intervention.