Heart Rate Variability Normative Values in Mongolian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

HRV normative values show that SDNN and RMSSD decline with age in Mongolian adults, with women exhibiting higher HF power and median heart rate than men.

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

HRV normative values show that SDNN and RMSSD decline with age in Mongolian adults, with women exhibiting higher HF power and median heart rate than men. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Enkhnaran Tumurbaatar; Gantsetseg Tumur-Ochir; Tsolmon Jadamba; Battuvshin Lkhagvasuren

doi:10.5281/zenodo.18107138

December 31, 2025Open Access

Heart Rate Variability Normative Values in Mongolian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Share

Key result

Mongolian HRV norms show SDNN and RMSSD decline with age, while women exhibit higher HF.

Why the study?

Heart rate variability reflects autonomic nervous system function, but normative data for Mongolian adults are limited.

Key Points

To establish short-term heart rate variability normative reference values stratified by age and gender in Mongolian adults.
Cross-sectional study conducted from July 2020 to August 2023 across Ulaanbaatar and four rural regions of Mongolia, enrolling N=1,144 adults (413 men, 731 women; aged 18–68 years; mean age 37.9 ± 11.1 years).
Participants underwent physical examinations, completed validated Mongolian-language patient-reported outcome measures (HADS, PSQI, WHOQOL-BREF, MMSE, and BOS), and completed 5-minute seated daytime electrocardiographic recordings.
Time-domain (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and frequency-domain (LF, HF, LF/HF) metrics were computed via fast Fourier transformation and evaluated using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
Women showed a higher median heart rate (80 ± 10 bpm vs. 74 ± 12 bpm, p < 0.01) and higher HF power (42.9 ± 18.1 nu vs. 39.6 ± 17.6 nu, p = 0.150) compared with men.
Time-domain metrics declined significantly with advancing age, with mean SDNN reaching 37.2 ± 18.4 ms and RMSSD reaching 29.0 ± 16.7 ms (p < 0.001).
Parasympathetic metrics, including pNN50 and HF, were highest among female and younger participant groups.

Structured PICO

P

Population

1,144 adults (aged 18–68 years) from Ulaanbaatar and four Mongolian regions, mean age 37.9 ± 11.1 years, 63.9% women.

O

Outcome

Short-term (5-minute) heart rate variability (HRV) normative values, including time-domain (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and frequency-domain (LF, HF, LF/HF) metrics, stratified by gender and age.surrogate

This study establishes the first age- and gender-stratified normative values for short-term heart rate variability in Mongolian adults, demonstrating significant age-related declines and gender differences in autonomic function.

Limitations

Reliance on a single HRV measurement device which may introduce variability compared to gold-standard ECG systems
Urban-rural distribution may not fully represent Mongolia's nomadic populations
Exclusion of participants with severe diseases limits generalizability to clinical cohorts
Moderate PSQI scores suggest sleep disturbances that could confound HRV measurements
Cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences about age-related HRV trends

Ask about this paper

Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.

Implication

May inform local HRV interpretation in Mongolians; leaves open prospective validation for risk stratification.

Abstract

Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system function, yet normative data for Mongolian adults are limited. This study establishes short-term HRV normative values, stratified by gender and age. From July 2020 to August 2023, this cross-sectional study enrolled 1,144 adults (413 men, 731 women; aged 18–68 years) from Ulaanbaatar and four Mongolian regions. Participants underwent physical examinations, completed validated Mongolian-language patient-reported outcome measures (HADS, PSQI, WHOQOL-BREF, MMSE, and BOS), and 5-minute HRV recordings while seated. Time-domain (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and frequency-domain (LF, HF, LF/HF) metrics were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Participants had a mean age of 37.9 ± 11.1 years (63.9% women). Women exhibited higher median heart rate (80 ± 10 bpm vs. 74 ± 12 bpm, p < 0.01) and HF power (42.9 ± 18.1 nu vs. 39.6 ± 17.6 nu, p = 0.150). SDNN (37.2 ± 18.4 ms) and RMSSD (29.0 ± 16.7 ms) declined with age (p < 0.001). Parasympathetic metrics (pNN50, HF) were higher in women and younger groups. Age and gender significantly shape HRV in Mongolian adults, with time-domain metrics decreasing with age. These normative values support epidemiological and clinical research.

Discussion

No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.

Cite This Study

Tumurbaatar et al. (2025) studied this question. HRV normative values show that SDNN and RMSSD decline with age in Mongolian adults, with women exhibiting higher HF power and median heart rate than men.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6963220a91e05aa366cb874d https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18107138

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Share

Heart Rate Variability Normative Values in Mongolian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Heart Rate Variability Normative Values in Mongolian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Keep reading

Keep reading