Supplementary data for the PhD thesis: Biodiversity and ecological dynamics of Diceraeus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): an integrative omics approach at the host–microbiota interface

##This version includes revised supplementary files of the Ph.D. thesis, incorporating corrections and updates following thesis review. The original version remains available for reference.This dataset contains the supplementary material associated with the PhD thesis “Biodiversity and ecological dynamics of Diceraeus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): an integrative omics approach at the host–microbiota interface”, defended at ESALQ/University of São Paulo (USP). All supplementary data were deposited as a single archive, organized in folders by thesis chapter. The content includes: Chapter 3 – One story, two destinies: connectivity and genetic compartmentalization in Diceraeus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Brazil: Geographic distribution of Diceraeus spp. populations sampled across Brazil (Table S1), pairwise FST values (Table S2), average genetic differences (π) between population pairs (Table S3), and divergence times considering unequal population sizes (τ) (Table S4). Figure S1 presents molecular diversity indices (θ) for both species. Chapter 4 – Securing a core for fundamental functions, but allowing diversity for functional innovation – a strategy of the key agricultural pest Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Taxonomic abundance and ASV counts (Tables S1–S2), comparative abundance of bacterial genera (Table S3), post-hoc comparisons of alpha diversity (Table S4), and correlation analyses of genus-level patterns (Table S5). Additional analyses cover LEfSe biomarker identification (Table S6), major metabolic pathways of differentially abundant KOs (Table S7), and predictive functional analysis with Tax4Fun2 (Table S8). Figures present rarefaction curves (Figure S1) and community structure and abundance at the genus level (Figure S2). Chapter 5 – Functional microbiome mapping of Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): comparative genomics and transcriptomic profiling reveal symbiont contributions to host adaptation: Whole-genome alignment metrics between Pantoea sp. nov. (isolate IIL-DmV4-1) and its corresponding MAG (Table S1), functional annotation and expression data for Pantoea (Table S2) and Sodalis (Table S3), and TYGS phylogenomic reports for both taxa (Tables S4–S5). ANI and AF comparisons against NCBI reference genomes are provided for Pantoea (Table S6) and Sodalis (Table S7), supporting taxonomic placement and revealing differential genomic integration of the symbionts Chapter 6 – Feeding plasticity of Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): a metatranscriptional perspective at the host–microbiota interface: Tables provide descriptive metrics of genome-to-transcriptome mapping and downstream analyses (Table S1), the complete dataset of differential expression results with functional annotations (Table S2), and enrichment outputs for GO terms under each dietary contrast (Table S3). Figures present functional distributions of differentially expressed transcripts: GO categories across diet contrasts (Figure S1), KEGG pathway profiles for host and microbiota (Figure S2), and COG functional classes (Figure S3). Together, these resources ensure transparency, reproducibility, and open access to the genomic, population, and symbiotic datasets that underpin the thesis. They are intended to serve as a reference for future studies on Pentatomidae evolution, host–microbiota interactions, and integrative omics approaches applied to agricultural pests.