Bioactive Compound Analysis and Cytotoxic Potential of Belamcanda chinensis Leaf Extract

ABSTRACT:Background: Belamcanda chinensis, commonly known as the leopardlily, is a medicinalplant traditionally used for its therapeutic properties. The purpose of this study was to examinethe phytochemical makeup and cytotoxic potential of an extract from Belamcanda chinensisleaves. Methods: To find the presence of bioactive substances, phytochemical screening wasdone. To characterise the ethyl acetate fraction, high-resolution liquid chromatography-massspectrometry (HR-LCMS) was employed. The MTT assay was used to evaluate in vitrocytotoxicity at doses of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/ml using the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.The IC50 values and % cytotoxicity were computed. Results: A total ash content of 4.63±0.53%w/w was found by the physico-chemical analysis, with a high water soluble ash value of24.21±0.783% w/w, indicating considerable mineral contents. The presence of alkaloids,flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides was verified by phytochemical screening.Compounds with significant biological activity were found by HR-LCMS analysis, includingCerberoside and Sanguisorbin E. The MTT assay showed that both ethanolic (ET-01) and ethylacetate (EA-02) extracts exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7cells. ET-01 had anIC50 value of 336.00μg/ml with 73.43% cytotoxicity at 1000μg/ml, while EA-02 had an IC50value of 348.83μg/ml with 78.33% cytotoxicity at the same concentration. Conclusion: Thestudy demonstrates that Belamcanda chinensis leaves extract contains a rich array of bioactivecompounds with significant cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cells. These findings supportits potential use in developing new anticancer agents and warrant further investigation into itstherapeutic applications.