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This analysis examines irrigation expansion in India, revealing its impact on agricultural productivity and sustainability.
Irrigation is vital for sustaining agricultural productivity and food security in India, given its diverse agro-climatic conditions and uneven rainfall. Indian agriculture relies mainly on groundwater and surface water sources, with increasing emphasis on micro-irrigation technologies such as drip and sprinkler systems to improve water-use efficiency. Government initiatives, particularly PMKSY, have significantly supported irrigation expansion and modernization. However, challenges like groundwater depletion, regional disparities and climate variability persist. Pro-moting efficient, climate-resilient irrigation practices is essential for sustainable agricultural development in India.
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Kumar et al. (2025) studied this question.
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