The validity and reliability of the Ethnic Identity Scale (EIS) was examined for use with Arab Americans. Sample one consisted of 156 Arab Americans (99 female; 57 male) and sample two consisted of 166 Arab Americans (103 female, 51 male, 7 nonbinary). Participants completed an online questionnaire including measures of ethnic identity, socialization, self-esteem and social desirability. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor structure of the EIS. A K-means cluster analysis classified Arab Americans into eight ethnic identity clusters. Evidence of construct validity was demonstrated across the dimensions with correlations ranging from r = .25–.35 with self-esteem, r = .48–.53 with familial ethnic socialization, and r = .15 with social desirability. Achieved positive cluster had the largest number of participants (38%) and majority of participants were placed into one of the positive clusters (75%) indicating high affirmation scores. The discussion explores clinical and research implications.
Atari-Khan et al. (Mon,) studied this question.