MicroRNAs (miRs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, have been shown to vary in their expression throughout chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages, dialysis modality, alterations in LV hypertrophy (LVH), vascular tone, and inflammation. In addition, fluctuations in miR expression have been reported with various hemodialysis regimens, though whether these alterations contribute mechanistically to the observed clinical effects remains unresolved. The relative stability of miRs in biological fluids offers an opportunity for the identification of biomarkers for disease monitoring and assessing for therapeutic intervention. We will review the current understanding of miR regulation within the context of dialysis, to better define the molecular impact of conventional and intensive hemodialysis and guide the development of targeted strategies to mitigate CKD-related complications.
Alberga et al. (Mon,) studied this question.