Electrochemical quantification of phosphonic acid passivated surface sites of NiOx for perovskite solar cells

Key Points

• The aim is to quantify the surface sites of phosphonic acid passivated nickel oxide for application in perovskite solar cells.
• Conducted electrochemical experiments to analyze nickel oxide surfaces.
• Utilized phosphonic acid for surface passivation.
• Measured the electrochemical response to determine site density.
• Identified a significant increase in passivated surface sites on nickel oxide.
• Demonstrated improved stability of nickel oxide in perovskite interactions.
• Found that enhanced surface sites correlate positively with potential solar cell efficiency.