Research on Delamination Damage Factor of Hole-Making Process Optimization Based on Carbon Fiber Composite Materials

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is prone to delamination damage during drilling, which seriously affects the processing quality. This study focuses on the use of variable parameter drilling technology. Firstly, an anisotropic constitutive model and a Hashin failure model for CFRP were constructed. Then, based on ABAQUS and VUMAT user subroutines, the influence laws of cutting parameters (spindle speed and feed rate) on delamination damage were explored. For the two methods of conventional fixed parameter drilling and variable parameter drilling (dynamic adjustment of feed rate when the drill reaches the exit plane), comparative simulation experiments were conducted. Subsequently, the genetic algorithm was introduced to optimize the spindle speed and feed rate under the variable parameter mode, and the results were verified through hole-making experiments. The results show that: under a constant spindle speed, the delamination damage factor increases monotonically with the increase in feed rate; under a constant feed rate, the delamination damage factor decreases first and then increases with the increase in spindle speed, presenting a nonlinear change characteristic. Among them, the variable parameter strategy of “first high feed, then low feed” can significantly reduce the delamination damage; the obtained optimal parameters can effectively balance the drilling quality and processing efficiency. This research provides theoretical and experimental support for optimizing CFRP hole-making parameters, addressing delamination control challenges in traditional drilling, and facilitating CFRP applications in aerospace and intelligent manufacturing.