Schematic of the proton internal structure based on a square lattice. Strong tension is concentrated along the major axis (up, down, left, right), maintaining the nuclear center, while the minor axis (diagonal) represents weaker tension regions, allowing energy distribution via gluon flux tubes and diverse positioning of sea quarks. Valence quarks remain stably bound at the center, and orbitals and entanglement states may form depending on external energy injection and lattice structure newbalancems@naver.com
Myeong-Seop Kim (Thu,) studied this question.