What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate brain microstructural differences in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder using multimodal MRI techniques.

Evaluation of Brain Microstructural Alterations in Preschool Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Voxel‐Wise Multimodal MRI Study

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Prospective case-control study evaluates brain microstructures in preschool children with ASD, suggesting diagnostic potential.

To evaluate brain microstructural differences in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder using multimodal MRI techniques.
Conducted voxel-wise analysis of brain microstructures in 29 children with ASD and 25 healthy controls.
Used 3.0 T MRI with high-resolution imaging and techniques like QSM and 3D-pCASL.
Analyzed correlations between imaging data and clinical assessments such as GDS and CARS.
Found decreased QSM values in the left superior/middle frontal gyri in ASD children compared to controls.
Observed reduced T1 relaxation times in bilateral superior/middle frontal/precentral/postcentral gyri in the ASD group.
Established positive correlations between QSM values and fine motor skills, and T1 values with gross motor skills.
Achieved high diagnostic accuracy for QSM and T1 values in distinguishing ASD from healthy controls.

Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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