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The research aims to evaluate the economic and environmental feasibility of thermomechanical and thermochemical processes for household sanitation.

The Potential of Thermomechanical and Thermochemical Processes to Enable Sustainable Household Sanitation

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The research aims to evaluate the economic and environmental feasibility of thermomechanical and thermochemical processes for household sanitation.
Assessed two prototype household reinvented toilets (HRTs) with pasteurization mechanical dewatering and supercritical water oxidation.
Conducted integrated process simulation and techno-economic analysis under uncertainty.
Performed life cycle assessment to estimate greenhouse gas emissions.
Annualized expenditures for PMD range from 1.41 to 1.87 USD·cap^-1·day^-1, and for SCWO from 1.85 to 2.45 USD·cap^-1·day^-1.
Greenhouse gas emissions for PMD are between 321 to 452 kg CO2-eq·cap^-1·year^-1 and for SCWO from 362 to 520 kg CO2-eq·cap^-1·year^-1.
Optimizing certain design features can reduce both costs and emissions significantly, by up to 70% in the long term.

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Examines the cost and environmental impacts of household-level sanitation technologies, suggesting them as viable options in specific contexts.

Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Examines the cost and environmental impacts of household-level sanitation technologies, suggesting them as viable options in specific contexts.