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January 22, 2026Geophysical Research LettersOpen Access

Influences of Meridional SST Gradient Biases on Subsurface Temperature in the Tropical Indian Ocean: Roles of SMOC and ITF

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Authors

GZGuangli ZhangMFMing FengMCMengyan Chen

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Overview

This research demonstrates how SST biases affect subsurface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean, indicating key climate model improvements.

Key Points

  • The aim is to understand how biases in sea surface temperature affect subsurface temperatures in the tropical Indian Ocean.
  • Analysis of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 climate models
  • Examination of meridional SST gradient impacts on circulation dynamics
  • Assessment of the role of SMOC and Indonesian Throughflow in temperature changes
  • SST biases create a warm-cool dipole impacting subsurface temperatures
  • SMOC contributes to warming beneath the surface despite favorable cooling conditions
  • Overly strong Indonesian Throughflow suppresses expected cooling effects from SMOC upwelling

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6971bdcf642b1836717e27e9https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl118928
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Influences of Meridional SST Gradient Biases on Subsurface Temperature in the Tropical Indian Ocean: Roles of SMOC and ITF2025
  2. 2Mesoscale Eddy Effect on the Strength of Shallow Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Indian Ocean2026
  3. 3Transport of warm bias from Indian Ocean subsurface to Southern Ocean surface in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 models2026
  4. 4Understanding the South-West Indian Ocean Temperature Bias: Forcing Ocean-Only Models with Coupled Model Atmospheric Output to Identify Drivers of Ocean Biases2024
  5. 5Mechanisms of the Indian Ocean surface warming pattern in CMIP5 and 6 models2024