Longitudinal population-based analysis of diabetic retinopathy screening rates for newly diagnosed diabetes in Ontario.

Despite universal health care, substantial disparities in DR screening persist across age, sex, immigration status, and socioeconomic strata. Screening rates declined over time and were further exacerbated by COVID-19. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted, equity-oriented strategies, such as teleophthalmology and primary care integration, to improve uptake and prevent vision loss in the growing diabetic population.