Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal disorder with a rising global burden, particularly in China. Research on IBD determinants has largely relied on Western cohorts; however, given differences in genetic and exposures, these findings may not fully represent Chinese population. To fill this gap, we established the Omics, Nutrition, and Environment Synthesis for IBD (ONE-IBD) Study, aiming to describe the characteristics and establish the framework to identify population-specific factors in China. Methods The ONE-IBD study is an ongoing prospective cohort in China (ISRCTN38557825). Individuals with confirmed Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were consecutively enrolled from 190 county-level hospitals and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, with pilot phase conducted in 2019-2023, and formal study started in 2023. Information was collected by trained staff on sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometrics, dietary data, lifestyle, environmental exposure, psychological status, and IBD-specific clinical features supplemented from electronic health records. We established a biobank comprising blood, faecal, and endoscopic or surgical tissue samples, which were subsequently analysed through multi-omics assays, including genome-wide genotyping, proteomics, metabolomics, and gut microbiome profiling (Fig. 1A). Results By August 2025, 641 IBD participants were enrolled (male: 75.7%, mean age: 33.91±12.89 years), including 510 with CD and 131 with UC. Complications were common in overall participants (70.8%) and more frequent in UC (93.9%) (Table 1). Validation confirmed good test-retest reliability for dietary data (correlation coefficients: 0.614-0.780). The scheduled follow-up, initiated in October 2023, comprised assessments at 3 and 6 months, at 12 months, and thereafter every 6 months and at clinical events; adherence was high, with 80% of participants completing the first follow-up. Multi-omics data have been measured for the biospecimen collected at baseline, including serum metabolomics data for 409 IBD participants and 117 healthy controls, and faecal metabolomics, metagenomics, and internal transcribed spacer data for 250 IBD participants and 65 healthy controls (Fig. 1B-1F). Since August 2024, recruitment has been expanded to four major regions of China across multiple partner centres, enrolling totally 952 IBD participants and 766 healthy controls under a unified cohort protocol. Conclusion The ONE-IBD study provides a robust platform for exploring omics-nutrition-environment interactions and precision strategies for IBD prevention and care. ONE-IBD Study data management committee has been established to oversee and facilitate open data sharing. Conflict of interest: Chen, Jie: No conflict of interest Li, Xue: No conflict of interest Wang, Xiaoyan: No conflict of interest
Chen et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: