What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore the implications of persistent seronegativity and lack of intact proviruses in an adolescent with early-treated perinatal HIV infection.

January 23, 2026Open Forum Infectious DiseasesOpen Access

Persistent Seronegativity and Absence of Intact Proviruses Despite Prolonged Initial Viremia in Early-Treated Perinatal HIV Infection

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To explore the implications of persistent seronegativity and lack of intact proviruses in an adolescent with early-treated perinatal HIV infection.
Case report of an adolescent with perinatal HIV-1 infection treated from 1 month of age.
Monitored viremia until age 4, followed by serology assessments at ages 11 and 18.
Evaluated presence of intact proviruses over time.
Patient showed persistent viremia until age 4 with negative or weakly reactive serologies since then.
No intact proviruses were detected at ages 11 and 18, challenging current definitions of HIV persistence and remission.

Implication

A case report demonstrates persistent seronegativity and no intact proviruses in perinatal HIV, suggesting redefinitions in HIV persistence and remission are needed.

Abstract

We report an adolescent with perinatal HIV-1 infection treated from 1 month of age. Despite persistent viremia until age 4, he exhibited negative or weakly reactive serologies and no detectable intact proviruses at 11 and 18 years. This case questions current definitions of seroconversion, HIV persistence and remission in children.

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Cite This Study

Charre et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69730ed4c8125b09b0d1eab7 https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf815

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Implication

A case report demonstrates persistent seronegativity and no intact proviruses in perinatal HIV, suggesting redefinitions in HIV persistence and remission are needed.

Persistent Seronegativity and Absence of Intact Proviruses Despite Prolonged Initial Viremia in Early-Treated Perinatal HIV Infection

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Persistent Seronegativity and Absence of Intact Proviruses Despite Prolonged Initial Viremia in Early-Treated Perinatal HIV Infection

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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