In-vitro study evaluates antimicrobial effects of various agents against bacteria, suggesting adjunctive options.
NaOCl remains the most effective agent for root canal disinfection. Although ozone and PDT showed moderate efficacy-particularly against S. mutans-they may serve as adjunctive options when NaOCl use is limited. Further research is warranted to optimize these alternative approaches for clinical implementation.
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ÖZKAN et al. (2026) studied this question.
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