Purpose The aim of the study is to compare macular perfusion, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and functional outcomes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grades A, B, and C after surgery and to correlate anatomical and functional outcomes across different PVR grades. Patients and methods This prospective, interventional, comparative case series study included 31 patients with primary RRD, classified into PVR grades A, B, and C, who underwent vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed 1 month after silicone oil removal. Electroretinogram (ERG) assessments were performed preoperatively and postoperatively and compared with the fellow eye. Correlations between OCTA and ERG parameters were analyzed. Results Postoperative best corrected visual acuity significantly declined with increasing PVR severity ( P =0.034). OCTA showed a significant reduction in superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus densities in PVR B and C compared with PVR A ( P =0.004 and 0.024, respectively). The FAZ enlarged with higher PVR grades ( P =0.025). ERG demonstrated significantly delayed photopic and scotopic responses in PVR B and C ( P =0.008 and 0.010). Negative correlations were observed between OCTA and ERG parameters with detachment duration and best corrected visual acuity ( P <0.05). Conclusion Higher PVR severity is associated with greater microvascular impairment and worse functional outcomes, highlighting the need for early surgical intervention. OCTA parameters (superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus, and FAZ) and ERG testing may serve as biomarkers for predicting anatomical and functional outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy for RRD.
Nassar et al. (Thu,) studied this question.