Quantitative assessment of Serum ferritin and TNF-alpha levels in stage II Periodontitis before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by specific pathogenic bacteria and is characterized by persistent inflammation, connective tissue breakdown alveolar bone destruction. An early cytokine that is amplified by the host response is tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The ubiquitous and highly conserved iron-binding protein is ferritin. TNF-α, along with some other proinflammatory cytokines, induces the H chain of ferritin transcriptionally, leading to a pathway that regulates ferritin by inflammation. The aim of the present study was to correlate serum ferritin and TNF-α levels in Stage II Grade A periodontitis patients before and after periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two subjects diagnosed with Stage II Grade A periodontitis aged between 25 and 60 years were enrolled in the study. Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and hematological parameters like ferritin and TNF-α were assessed at the initial visit and after 3 months. Results: Statistically significant reduction between GI, PI, PPD, CAL, serum ferritin, and TNF-α levels between baseline and at the end of 3 months with p value 0.0001 * at 5% level of significance. Conclusion: Serum Ferritin levels were increased along with TNF-α levels in periodontitis patients, and there was a statistically significant reduction in serum ferritin levels and TNF-α levels with resolution of periodontal disease after periodontal therapy.