Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: A rare case report

Rationale: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare and complex disease usually associated with airway narrowing and dyspnea. Due to its complexity and rarity, its diagnosis and treatment have been poorly reported in clinical practice; therefore, we report a typical case to enhance the understanding and awareness of this disease. Patient concerns: The patient in this case is a 55-year-old male complaining of progressive dyspnea and cough with infection as a trigger. These symptoms have been progressively worsening over the last few months. In conjunction with imaging and tNGS, bronchoscopy was performed to rule out other respiratory conditions. Diagnoses: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. Interventions: Antibiotic anti-infective treatment was given along with hormonal anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, salmeterol ticarcoson inhaler inhalation application, bronchoscopic cryotherapy and laser therapy. Outcomes: The patient’s symptoms of chest tightness, cough and phlegm were relieved after treatment. Initial recovery following discharge was satisfactory, with no recurrence of dyspnea or coughing symptoms. Lessons: The aim of this study was to increase the awareness of clinical respiratory physicians about ossifying osteochondromatosis of the trachea.