Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy for Upper Gastrointestinal Examination

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the standard diagnostic modality for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) diseases, but its invasive nature and the risk of sedation-related adverse events limit its applicability in certain patients. Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) is a promising noninvasive alternative, enabling precise active locomotion and complete visualization of the gastric mucosa through external magnetic control. MCE systems have evolved into hand-held and robotic systems, with clinical studies showing diagnostic performance comparable to EGD, along with generally better patient tolerance. Recent studies have shown that a single MCE examination can simultaneously evaluate the UGI tract and small bowel. Advances such as three-dimensional imaging and artificial intelligence have improved diagnostic accuracy and workflow efficiency. Although cost-effectiveness remains a challenge in Korea's healthcare environment, MCE provides a meaningful alternative for patients who are unsuitable for sedated EGD or who prefer a noninvasive modality. With the ongoing technological advances, MCE is expected to evolve into an autonomous, "One-stop pan-enteric endoscopy" platform in the near future.