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The analysis aims to explore how concepts of poetic virility and class evolved in classical Arabic criticism.

January 25, 2026Open Access

The Concept of Poetic Virility and Poetic Class in Classical Arabic Criticism: A Comparative Study of al-Asmaʿī, Ibn Sallām al-Jumaḥī, and Ibn al-Muʿtazz in the 2nd–3rd Centuries AH

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This comparative study analyzes poetic virility and class in classical Arabic literature, indicating a shift in criticism over centuries.

The analysis aims to explore how concepts of poetic virility and class evolved in classical Arabic criticism.
Examined critical works of al-Asmaʿī, Ibn Sallām al-Jumaḥī, and Ibn al-Muʿtazz.
Utilized a systematic textual-comparative methodology.
Identified evaluative criteria used by each scholar in classifying poets.
Al-Asmaʿī associated poetic virility with pre-Islamic poets based on their output and reputation.
Ibn Sallām expanded the classification to early Islamic poets with a focus on artistic merit.
Ibn al-Muʿtazz emphasized Abbasid court poets, omitting virility for stylistic refinement.

Bilal Al-Omar (2025) studied this question.

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