Green photocatalysis focuses on developing processes to address various environmental challenges, such as the treatment of contaminated water and air, the generation of renewable energy, biomass management, carbon monoxide oxidation, and organic synthesis. TiO 2 has a wide array of applications in green photocatalysis, including (i) photocatalytic remediation and (ii) the development of alternative, sustainable energy sources. A significant challenge in modern green photocatalysis is the reduction of the band gap energy ( E g ), which is essential for determining the suitability of materials for photocatalytic activity. Decreasing E g enables TiO 2 to effectively harness visible light rather than being limited to ultraviolet light. This study investigates the structural changes and subsequent reduction in E g resulting from two types of TiO 2 modification: (i) ionising irradiation and (ii) the incorporation of carbon nanotubes. The structural changes were studied by X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, while E g of the samples was assessed through UV-Vis spectroscopy.
Paunović et al. (Fri,) studied this question.