Detection of bla OXA-10 and bla OXA-488 Genes in Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Isolates

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen. In order to halt the development of extended spectrum lactamases (ESBLs), which are produced by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa , effective infection management measures are required. The frequency of clinical isolation fluctuates greatly globally and rapidly over time. Objective: The goal of this study was to ascertain the distribution of ESBLs (oxacillin-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase 10 [ blaOXA-10 ] and oxacillin-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase 488 [ blaOXA-488 ]) genes among P. aeruginosa isolates and to determine the susceptibility of the antibiotic of these isolates in order to reflect the frequency and severity of these bacteria’s pathogenicity in Babylon province. Materials and Methods: A total of 194 clinical specimens from patients hospitalized in Babylon, Kirkuk, and Baghdad hospitals were taken, including wound, burn, urine, lung fluid, gunfire, bomb, and diabetic foot swabs. Biochemical tests, molecular study of P. aeruginosa -specific gene, and antibiotic resistance testing were used to identify isolates, along with morphological features (culturally and microscopically). Results: Thirty-six P. aeruginosa isolates were found and identified; all the isolates were resistant to piperacillin (100%) as well as to ticarcillin (100%) and ceftazidime (89%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had the lowest resistance to piperacillin-tazobactam (42%), colistin (8.3%), and polymyxin B (8.3%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to carry blaOXA-10 30/36 (83%) and blaOXA-488 24/36 (67%) according to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa is a real problem that affects individuals all over the world and is an unintended consequence of excessive use of antibiotics.