Bioethics: Science, Human Rights, and Moral Decision-Making in Reference to India

Bioethics, an evolving field at the intersection of science, philosophy, law, and human rights, is increasingly significant in India due to rapid advancements in biotechnology, medicine, artificial intelligence, and public health. India faces unique challenges such as diverse socio-cultural beliefs, economic disparities, emerging genetic research, reproductive technologies, and large-scale public health initiatives. The integration of human rights principles especially autonomy, justice, and dignity is essential in shaping ethical policies and decision-making. This article explores the concept of bioethics within the Indian context, examining scientific progress, ethical dilemmas, human rights obligations, and moral decision-making frameworks. It also highlights key national guidelines, legal frameworks, and socio-cultural considerations that influence ethical practice in healthcare and biomedical research in India.