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February 2, 2026The actual problems in dentistry0 citationsOpen Access

Assessment of the State of the Microbiocenosis of the Dorsal Surface of the Tongue Against the Background of the Application of Individual Oral Hygiene in Patients With Burning Mouth Syndrome

NTNatalia TiunovaN. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod OPO. A. PetrovaPrivolzhsky Research Medical University ERE. V. RumyantsevaN. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod

Key Points

The aim is to evaluate microbiocenosis of the tongue in patients with burning mouth syndrome through individual oral hygiene practices.
20 patients with burning mouth syndrome were studied.
Participants were divided into two groups based on scraper type: gold-zinc galvanic and stainless steel.
Material from the tongue was collected before scrapper use and one month after daily use to measure microbial diversity.
Streptococcus mitis was the most common microorganism, found in 70% of patients.
Gold-zinc scrapers improved microbiota, reducing pathogenic microorganisms significantly.
Stainless steel scrapers decreased obligate microorganisms but did not affect opportunistic ones, with some pathogenic levels increasing.

Abstract

Individual tongue hygiene is becoming important as a potential pathogenetically justified component in the comprehensive management of patients with "burning mouth" syndrome. The aim of the study is to assess the state of the microbiocenosis of the dorsal surface of the tongue in patients with "burning mouth" syndrome using individual oral hygiene. Methodology. The study involved 20 patients aged 42 ± 3.2 years with a diagnosis of "burning mouth" syndrome, who were divided into two groups: in the first group, patients performed tongue hygiene using a gold-zinc galvanic scraper, while in the second group, they used a food-grade stainless steel scraper. The material was collected from the dorsal surface of the tongue before and after the first use of the scraper, and 1 month after daily use, to determine the species composition of microorganisms and their frequency of occurrence. The cleaning effect of the scrapers was then evaluated. Results. The most common type of microorganism in the experiment was Streptococcus mitis, which was detected in 70 % of patients, while other obligate members of the Streptococcus (Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans) were found in 25 % and 20 % of patients, respectively. When using scrapers with a gold-zinc galvanic couple, half of the subjects had dominant species of normal microbiota, while obligate, conditionally pathogenic, primary pathogens, and microorganisms atypical for this ecological niche decreased from 2 to 104 CFU/ml. When using stainless steel scrapers, the number of obligate microorganisms decreases, but the number of opportunistic microorganisms does not change, and the number of primary pathogenic and atypical microorganisms for this ecological niche increases, reducing the number of CFU/ml from 2 to 103. Conclusion. Scrapers with a gold-zinc galvanic couple showed the highest efficiency, positively affecting the qualitative composition of the oral microbiocenosis and reducing the number of opportunistic, pathogenic, and atypical microorganisms in this ecological niche.

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