Key result
Multi-omics provide novel pathobiological insights and potential drug targets for calcific aortic valve disease.
Why the study?
There are no approved pharmaceutical therapies for aortic stenosis, largely due to a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving calcific aortic valve disease progression.
This review highlights the potential of multi-omics approaches to uncover novel therapeutic targets for calcific aortic valve disease, an area currently lacking approved pharmaceutical therapies.
May guide target selection for ongoing CAVD trials; leaves open clinical translation pending prospective validation.
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) resulting in aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common form of valvular heart disease, affecting 2% of those over age 65. Those who develop symptomatic severe AS have an average further lifespan of <2 years without valve replacement, and three-quarters of these patients will develop heart failure, undergo valve replacement, or die within 5 years. There are no approved pharmaceutical therapies for AS, due primarily to a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that direct CAVD progression in the complex haemodynamic environment. Here, advances in efforts to understand the pathogenesis of CAVD and to identify putative drug targets derived from recent multi-omics studies [including (epi)genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics] of blood and valvular tissues are reviewed. The recent explosion of single-cell omics-based studies in CAVD and the pathobiological and potential drug discovery insights gained from the application of omics to this disease area are a primary focus. Lastly, the translation of knowledge gained in valvular pathobiology into clinical therapies is addressed, with a particular emphasis on treatment regimens that consider sex-specific, renal, and lipid-mediated contributors to CAVD, and ongoing Phase I/II/III trials aimed at the prevention/treatment of AS are described.
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Blaser et al. (2024) conducted a review in Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) / Aortic stenosis (AS). Multi-omics studies was evaluated. Multi-omics studies, including single-cell approaches, provide novel pathobiological insights and potential drug targets for calcific aortic valve disease to guide ongoing clinical trials.
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