Electrospun Zinc–Titanium Dioxide Ceramic Nanofibers: Photocatalytic Dye Degradation, Catalytic Methanolysis of Sodium Borohydride, and Antibacterial Performance

In this article, ceramic fibers were synthesized using the electrospinning method for the three main goals of sustainable development: environmental pollution, energy, and antibacterial activity. The synthesized fibers structures were characterized using various characterization studies. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed that fiber structures with a network structure and homogeneous diameters were formed as a result of SEM analysis and that titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and zinc oxide‐titanium dioxide (ZnO‐TiO 2 ) fiber structures were largely preserved after calcination at 500°C for 60 min. TiO 2 photodegradation studies showed that methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes were removed at rates of 53.09% and 57.22%, respectively, while ZnO‐TiO 2 fibers structures removed MB and RhB dyes at rates of 89.22% and 57.03%, respectively. Besides, as a result of NaBH 4 methanolysis studies, turnover frequency (TOF), activation energy (Ea), entropy (Δ S ), and enthalpy (Δ H ) values for ZnO‐TiO 2 were found to be 853.381 h −1 , 43.198 kJ/mol, −178. 967 J mol −1 K −1 , and 40.657 kJ mol −1 , respectively. Additionally, ZnO‐TiO 2 and TiO 2 fibers exhibited high antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria.