This investigation demonstrates solution representations in matrix delay differential equations, indicating advancements in understanding complex systems.
In this paper, we investigate the representation of solution for the following linear matrix delayed differential equation Y˙(t)=A1Y(t)+Y(t)A2+BY(t−τ)+Y(t−τ)C+F(t),t∈[0,∞) where t is an independent variable, Y(t) is an n×n unknown variable matrix, τ>0 is a delay, A1,A2,B, and C are given n×n constant matrices, and F(t) is a given n×n variable matrix. Without requiring any commutativity condition between the coefficient matrices and Φ and F, we establish a formula for the initial problem Y(t)=Φ(t), t∈[−τ,0], where Φ(t) is an n×n variable matrix. The proof uses the vectorization technique and the method of steps. Our result settles Open Problems 1 and 2 posed by Diblík.
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Bai et al. (2026) studied this question.
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