Propofol Pretreatment Protects Hippocampal CA1 Neurons from Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rat

Background: The number of brain strokes induced by ischemia has increased significantly in recent years as a result of brain vascular disorders. Some of these patients will require brain vascular surgery. Brain ischemia, large-scale bleeding, and hypoxia are all severe risks that must be avoided when using an anesthetic medicine that has the best protective benefits for the patient's brain and vascular system during the surgical process. One of the most critical pathogenic events in ischemia-reperfusion is apoptosis, and the CA1 region of the hippocampus is one of the most vulnerable parts of the brain to ischemia. Propofol is a neuroprotective intravenous anesthetic for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Few studies have been conducted on the neuroprotective and neurobehavioral effects of propofol, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. However, few studies have looked into the dose and injection timing of the drug to achieve neuroprotective effects. Aim: The purpose of this study was to see if propofol could protect male Wistar rat hippocampal CA1pyramidal cells from ischemia and brief overall reperfusion damage. Methods: The 18 male Wistar rats were placed into three groups: control, ischemia, and experimental. 1 hour before ischemia, 40 mg/kg propofol was given intraperitoneally. Ischemia was induced by blocking the common carotid arteries on both sides for 20 minutes. For histomorphologic alterations, the Hematoxylin-Eosin, Nissl, and TUNEL techniques were used. Results: The researchers discovered that 40mg/kg propofol has protective effects on hippocampus pyramidal neurons in ischemia/reperfusion-induced lab rats. Conclusion: Propofol can drastically reduce neuron death while also protecting them from ischemia damage.