Safety and oncologic outcomes of total laparoscopic versus abdominal hysterectomy following diagnostic conization for adenocarcinoma in situ and stage IA1 cervical cancer: a multicenter retrospective study

Background While simple hysterectomy is the standard treatment for adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and stage IA1 cervical cancer, minimally invasive surgery has been increasingly adopted. However, evidence on the safety and efficacy of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for these conditions remains limited. We compared the safety and efficacy of TLH and total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) in patients undergoing simple hysterectomy following diagnostic conization. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of 196 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), AIS, or stage IA1 cervical cancer who underwent simple hysterectomy following diagnostic conization. Patients were divided into TLH and TAH groups, and intraoperative and postoperative complications and oncologic outcomes were compared. Results Operative time was significantly longer in the TLH group, whereas intraoperative blood loss was lower and postoperative hospital stay shorter. No significant difference was noted in severe complication rates, although their patterns varied between groups. Recurrence occurred in one patient (0.5%), a case of CIN3 at the vaginal cuff in the stage IA1 TAH group. No recurrences were observed in patients with AIS or stage IA1 disease in the TLH group. Conclusions TLH following diagnostic conization for AIS or stage IA1 cervical cancer demonstrated oncologic efficacy comparable to TAH, with a favorable safety profile. TLH may be a reasonable treatment option for carefully selected patients.