Informed Consent in Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery: Ethical Principles and Legal Framework in Morocco within an International Perspective

Informed consent constitutes a fundamental ethical and legal requirement in modern medical practice. In reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, where most procedures are elective and outcomes may be subjective, the consent process plays a critical role in safeguarding patient autonomy and reducing medico-legal risk. This article provides a narrative review of international ethical principles governing informed consent and analyzes the Moroccan legal and deontological framework regulating medical information and patient decision-making. Based on verified legal texts and peer-reviewed literature, we propose practical guidelines adapted to surgical practice in Morocco, with particular emphasis on aesthetic procedures. Our analysis demonstrates that Moroccan regulations are broadly aligned with international ethical standards, but that implementation requires structured communication strategies, adequate documentation, and institutional support to ensure both patient protection and physician legal security.