Daily sitting time and hyperuricemia in US adults: A dose-response association with the mediation effect of renal function-related indicators (NHANES 2007–2018)

The rising prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and prolonged sitting time (ST) has been recognized as a significant public health concern globally. However, the extent to which ST is associated with HUA via renal function-related indicators remains unclear. The study included 25,470 participants aged 20 and up from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 to 2018. Based on ST, participants were separated into 4 groups: <4 hours group, 4 to 6 hours group, 6 to 8 hours group, and ≥8 hours group. Logistic regression and subgroup analysis were utilized to examine the association. Restricted cubic spline analysis was employed to investigate the nonlinear correlations. Finally, to ensure the stability and reliability of the results, interaction, trend test and mediation analysis were further conducted. The logistic hierarchical regression analysis revealed a higher probability of HUA in the 4 to 6 hours sedentary time group for physical activity (PA) <400 metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week (all P < .05). However, for PA ≥ 400 MET-min/week, there was no significant difference (all P > .05). There was an inverted U-shaped relationship between daily ST and HUA ( P nonlinear <.05). The results of the mediation analysis showed that blood urea nitrogen mediated 17.06% of the relationship between daily sitting duration and HUA, serum creatinine mediated 27.18%, and estimated glomerular filtration rate mediated 32.50%. All these factors showed insufficient mediating effects (all P mediation <.05). The study demonstrated that the prevalence of HUA increases with longer daily ST, particularly in individuals who engage in <400 MET-min/week of PA. There was an inverted U-shaped relationship between sitting duration and HUA. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were significant mediators in this relationship.