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A retrospective study shows that colposcopy helps evaluate abnormal vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women, suggesting its importance in diagnosis.
Vaginal bleeding and abnormal discharge in postmenopausal women warrant immediate evaluation. For postmenopausal patients who are HPV 16/18‑negative and have NILM or ASC‑US cytology, routine surveillance is appropriate. Adjunctive testing with E6/E7 mRNA assays or p16/Ki‑67 dual‑staining may be employed; any abnormal result should prompt diagnostic work‑up.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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