Clinico-epidemiological Study of Patients Presenting with Recurrent Anterior Glenohumeral Instability in a Tertiary Level Hospital: An Observational Study

Introduction: Recurrent glenohumeral instability is an important complication following primary dislocation. Sex, age at initial dislocation, time from initial dislocation and hyperlaxity are some of the predisposing risk factors. The aim of this study was to look after the demographic and clinical history of the patient with recurrent glenohumeral instability. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in National Trauma Centre from June 2025 to November 2025. Patients with recurrent glenohumeral instability were assessed for their demographics and clinical history. Results: A total of 42 patients were included in the study, of which male patients accounted for 32 (76.19%) cases. The mean age of the patients was 34.47±14.05 years with recurrence commonly seen in age group of 21-30 years, comprising 15 (35.71%) cases. 27 (64.29%) patients had their first instability episode at age less than 20 years and 33 (78.57%) patients were manual workers. 17 (40.48%) patients had off-track bone lesion Off-track bone lesions were seen in patients whose age at primary dislocation was greater than 20 years accounting for 8 (53.33%) cases and in patients who underwent surgery within two years of primary dislocation comprising 15 (53.57%) cases. 2 (4.76%) patients had more than 25% glenoid bone loss. Conclusions: Recurrent glenohumeral instability is commonly seen in young, male patients involved in manual work and in patients with first episode of primary dislocation occurring at age less than 20 years.