Human papillomavirus vaccination among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: Scoping review and meta-analysis of descriptive and correlational studies

Despite the proven effectiveness of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, vaccination intention and uptake remain low among Asian American and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs). Evidence was synthesized from descriptive and correlational studies that examined HPV vaccination intention and/or uptake among AAPIs in the United States. PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were searched. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Forty-two studies published between 2010 and 2024 were included across Vietnamese, Korean, Cambodian, Chinese, Hmong, and Asian Indians. Over half of the studies assessed vaccination intention, with reported prevalence between 5%-100%. Approximately one-third of studies reported vaccination uptake between 5%-50%. Meta-analyses showed low HPV vaccine awareness, acceptance, intention, initiation and completion, with completion only 21%. Compared with non-AAPIs, AAPIs were significantly less likely to initiate or complete vaccination. These results underscore persistent disparities and the need for culturally tailored strategies to improve HPV vaccination among AAPIs.